For application to Acid Mine Drainage or landfill leachate, technology system can incorporate a revolutionary rotating tri-axial media contact reactor that couples with both dimensionally stable and sacrificial electrodes, and other stimuli induced by the AN™ process. Total and dissolved heavy metals precipitate from solution and form flocculated solids in a pH range of 5.5-6.5 S.U. that mature and settle out from processed water in a clarification chamber.  

Acidity treatment by the AN™ technology is accomplished in part, by electron transfer in the process reactor where released electrons react with acidity in AMD and  dissolved oxygen to form water, thus consuming acidity. AN™ reactions also produce short-lived hydroxyl radicals that react to form hydroxide ions that, in turn, also react with acid causing hydronium ions sourced in AMD to form water. As part of the AN™ reaction process, metals are converted to oxides and other absorbed forms conducive to precipitation in a weakly acidic to neutral pH range; unlike metallic hydroxides that require alkaline pH conditions for even partial and/or variable solubility in the range of 9-11 S.U. common to conventional lime-based treatment approaches. No alkaline supplying chemical reagents or polymers are utilized in the AN™ technology, although a reaction enhancer additive may be provided as related to feed water quality of particularly low conductance, or elevated organic matter content. 

Landfill leachate also favorably responds to AN™ processing. By enhancing AN™ component contributions in a balanced operating mode, emulsions, surfactants, and other organic matter constituents are disrupted and particle charges cause destabilization and subsequent coagulation of fulvic and humic acids so that other suspended solids, metals, and other constituents become more reactive and conditioned to also coagulate. Removal of the organic matter and constituents causes dramatic reduction in Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD).  

When PFAS is present in landfill leachate, the AN™ technology can be coupled with the AMEOX™ and MBT-OC technologies to facilitate PFAS destruction in the fluid or and PFAS fixation in AN™ solids to mitigate it leachability.